Technical Papers

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CORROSION MITIGATION - CAN COMPOSITE WRAPS SERVE AS AN EFFECTIVE MECHANISM?
Manuel F. Herrador, Vistasp M. Karbhari Department of Structural Engineering University of California, San Diego La Jolla, California 92093-0085
The use of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composite wraps on structural reinforced concrete members is nowadays widespread as a means of rehabilitation and retrofitting. However, their interactions with corrosion processes in steel reinforcement have...

CORROSION MITIGATION IN CONCRETE USING ELECTROKINETIC INJECTION OF REACTIVE COMPOSITE NANOPARTICLES*
Kunal Kupwade-Patil and Henry Cardenas, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, LA 71270
Composite nanoparticles were driven directly through the concrete matrix and to the reinforcement using an electric field. The intent was to use the nanoparticles as a pore blocking agent that could prevent chlorides from re-entering. It was hypothesized

CORROSION OF CHROMATE CONVERSION COATINGS ON ALUMINUM ALLOYS IN ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT
Reza Shoja Razavi and Taghi Shahrabi* Joining Department, Manufacturing and Technology Research Center, Malek-ashtar University of Technology (MUT), Shahinshahr, Isfahan, IRAN. * Department of Material, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, IRAN.
Chromate conversion coating is applied on aluminum 6061. The optimum conditions for chromate bath composition and immersion time are also obtained for standard requirements provision such as corrosion resistance in salt spray test, electrical resistanc...

CORROSION PERFORMANCE OF ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY CORROSION RESISTANT HYBRID NANOCOMPOSITE COATINGS
Deepika Rajamani and Jude O. Iroh Department of Chemical and Material and Chemical Engineering University of Cincinnati Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0012
Environmentally friendly hybrid nanocomposite coatings have been processed and characterized for corrosion protection of aerospace alloy AA2024-T3. The hybrid nanocomposite coatings were processed by acid-catalyzed hydrolysis and condensation of precur...

CORROSION PROTECTION AND HEALTH MONITORING USING SMART APPLIQUÉS DACCO SCI, INC.
DACCO SCI, INC. Columbia, MD 21046 Terry Vargo Integument Technologies Tonawanda, NY 14150 Douglas Deason Space and Missile Defense Command Huntsville, AL 35807
Corrosion is a significant problem for the Missile Defense Agency (MDA) because it must maintain facilities and assets in remote, corrosive locations, such as the Pacific Missile Range Facility (PMRF) in Kauai, Hawaii and the Ronald Reagan Ballistic Mi...

CORROSION PROTECTION OF UNCLAD 2024-T3 ALUMINUM SURFACE WITH BOTH CHROMIUM CONVERSION AND MWCNT NANOCOMPOSITE COATINGS
Asmatulu, Hille, Misak
In the present studies, we have developed double coating systems using chromium and nanocomposite coatings to protect the Al alloys currently used by the aircraft industry. The corrosion characteristics of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) mixed w...

COST ANALYSIS OF ABRASIVE WATERJET CUTTING: THIN SHEET MATERIALS
Y.W. Seoa*, M. Ramulu**, and M. Hashish*** * Inje University, 607 Obangdong, Kimhae, Kyungnam, Korea 621-749 a** Department of Mechanical Engineering Box 352600, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA *** Flow International Corporation, Kent, WA 98032, USA
Widely used structural composite materials in automobiles and aerospace industries were machined with abrasive waterjet (AWJ). The characteristics of cutting action, surface quality, and kerf features were experimentally investigated. The machined surf...

COST AND DESIGN TOOLS INTEGRATION ACHIEVING DESIGN TO COST GOALS
JohnW. Hurd Cognition Corporation
Cost is a major product design driver. Design To Cost (DTC) programs require the integration of design and cost tools to optimize design function and cost. By sharing technical, manufacturing and financial information, DTC assists product design decisi...

COST ASPECTS OF STRUCTURAL CO-PROCESSING
Lee McKague Composites-Consulting, Inc. 5000 Birch Hollow Lane, Fort Worth, TX 76132-3714 817-370-1412 Lee@Composites-Consulting.com
Cost of composite structures has been an intensifying focus for several years. Work has been directed toward improving materials to help reduce manufacturing time. Work also has been directed toward improving individual process steps. Together these ef...

COST EFFECTIVE PRODUCTION AND LIGHTWEIGHT TRANSPORTATION FRAMES MADE IN TRI DIMENTIONAL COMPOSITE MATERIALS
Verhaeghe, Nouwen, Kustermans
Cost effective and light production and transport frames made in tri dimensional composite materials. Composite materials play an increasing role in the construction of aircraft, helicopters, and wind turbine structures. Most of these composites are Ca...

COST MODELING FOR 3D WOVEN PREFORMING PROCESS
Larry Dickinson, Mansour Mohamed* and Brad Lienhart 3TEX, Inc. 109 MacKenan Dr., Cary, NC 275 11 www.3tex.com
There have been many publications on “3D Weaving”, and there are numerous patents on a variety of devices that may be used to make a “3D Woven” structure. The majority of the 3D woven products that are currently commercially available are formed by a 2...

COST REDUCTION OF GLARE COMPONENTS
P.A. Hooijmeijer, M.Sc.; Fibre Metal Laminates Centre of Competence
Several improvements are being identified in the production cycle of FML’s in which the costs for the application of FML’s in products can be reduced. Two examples are given: 1) Cost reduction through integrated production and 2) Cost reduction throu...

COST REDUCTIONS FROM VARTM PROCESSING APPLIED TO M35A3 HOOD FABRICATION
Dana T. Grow Sioux Manufacturing Corporation Fort Totten, ND 58335
Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Molding (VARTM) has the potential to lower production costs through low-cost tooling approaches, low resin and reinforcement costs, and reduced processing time. An examination of a number of these factors will be illustr...

COST-EFFECTIVE STRUCTURAL THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITES FOR AUTOMOTIVE AND TRANSPORTATION 1 1,2
1,2 Department of Materials Science and Engineering 1,2 University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
The use of engineered thermoplastic composites is increasing in automotive and transportation due to their inherent advantages over traditional thermoset composites including; high toughness, inexpensive resins, short processing cycle times, excellent ...

COST-EFFECTIVE SURFACE MACHINING BY APPROXIMATE APPROACH
Jianjun Zhou School of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China 310018 Nanjia Zhou Center for Nanocomposites and Multifunctional Materials (CNCMM) Pittsburg State University Pittsburg, KS, 66762
Approximate approach to machine the surfaces of mechanical parts is based on the fact that curved surfaces can be formed using another curve which can be generated by a straight line or an arc in allowable tolerances. The curvature information of being ma

COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF CARBON REINFORCED
COMPOSITE AUTOMOTIVE PART MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGIES1 Sujit Das Engineering Science and Technology Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN 37932-6472
This paper discusses a cost assessment of six competing manufacturing technologies for a representative carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites (CFRP) automotive body-in- white part (i.e., upper dash panel). The estimated part costs produced by the

COST-EFFICIENT PREFORMING PROCESS FOR COMPLEX HIGH-PERFORMANCE FIBRE-REINFORCED COMPOSITES: MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
Beier, Sandler, Altstadt, Spanner, Weimer
The cost-efficient preforming manufacturing for high-performance fibre-reinforced polymer composites is of significant importance for today's aerospace industry. In this study stitching technologies combined with thermally induced preformstabilisation ...

COUNTOURED TAPE LAYING AND FIBER PLACEMENT HEADS FOR AUTOMATED FIBER PLACEMENT OF LARGE
COMPOSITE AEROSPACE STRUCTURES Mark A. Lamontia, Mark B. Gruber, Brian J. Waibel, Ralph D. Cope, PhD., and Steve B. Funck Accudyne Systems, Inc., 134B Sandy Drive, Newark, DE, USA19713 A. Bruce Hulcher NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, ED34, Marshall Space Flight Center, AL, USA 35812
Economic analyses comparing autoclave and candidate out-of-autoclave processes showed the promise of working thermoplastic in situ fiber placement and the more embryonic layer-by-layer E-Beam fiber placement process to fabricate large complex geometr...

COUPLED DYNAMIC AND SOUND RADIATION CHARACTERISTICS OF ANISOTROPIC SHEAR-ELASTIC
COMPOSITES Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. W. Hufenbach, Dr.-Ing. L. Kroll, Dr.-Ing. O. Täger, Dr.-Ing. B. Zhou Dresden University of Technology Institute of Lightweight Structures and Polymer Technology (ILK), D-01062 Dresden, Germany Tel.: +49/351/463-38134, Fax: +49/351/463-38143, e-mail: ot@ilk.mw.tu-dresden.de
Lightweight composite structures for high-technology applications increasingly have to fulfill high demands not only on low constructive weight and adequate stiffness but also on reduced vibrations and sound radiation. These good vibro-acoustic quali...

COUPLED MULTI-DISCIPLINARY METHODS FOR STRUCTURAL RELIABILITY AND AFFORDABILITY
Galib H. Abumeri QSS Group Inc. 21000 Brookpark Road Cleveland, OH 44135 And Christos C. Chamis NASA Glenn Research Center 21000 Brookpark Road Cleveland, OH 44135
A computational simulation method is presented for Non-Deterministic Multidisciplinary Optimization of engine composite materials and structures. A hypothetical engine duct made with ceramic matrix composites (CMC) is evaluated probabilistically in the...

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